Method of distribution by alternating electric currents



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

. B. SHA NBER ET 0D 0F DIS TION BY RN ELEG URRENTS.

. 404, 6. ted 4,

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N. Pucks. Ma-LMupher. Washington. D. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. B. SHALLENBERGER. METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION BY ALTERNATING ELECTRIC GURRENTS.

No. 404,566. Patented June 4, 1889.

a; w. u wvx UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLIVER B. SI'IALLENBERGER, OF ROCHESTER, ASSIGNOR TO THE TVES"ING- HOUSE ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION BY ALTERNATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,566, dated June 4, 1889. Application fi ed August 25, 1888. Serial No. 283,764. (N model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern: purposes from that heretofore employed, and Be it known that I, OLIVER I3. SHALLEN- by deriving from an intermediate point in BERGER, a citizen of the United States, residthe gencrating-circuit a third conductor it is ing in Rochester, Beaver county, in the State possible to obtain two currents having any 5 5 of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new required difference of phase and cause them and useful Improvements in Methods of Disto traverse the two independent circuits thus tribut-ion by Alternating Electric Currents, formed. These currents may be employed (Case 220,) of which the following is a specifor operating the motors. iication. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is 10 My invention relates to the distribution of a theoretical diagram illustrating the superalternating electric currents for the transmisposition of currents. Fig. 2 is a theoretical sion of energy, and refers more particularly diagram of the organization of the generatto that class of distribution in which it is necing-circuit. Fig. 3 illustrates the organizaessary to have two or more alternating curtion of the generating and distributing cirr 5 rents whose periods of alternation are not cuits.

coincident with each other, and must there- Referring to Fig. 1, let it be supposed that fore be provided with distinct circuits in ortwo alternating currents represented by the der to retain this relation in the alternations. full lines 1 and 2, passing alternately to the The method and organization employed in right and left of the normal 0, are caused to 20 this invention are applicable especially to pass over the same conductor, and have in electric motors having two separate windings, the case shown a difference of phase of onewhich are to be supplied with alternating, inquarter period. The resultant alternating termittent, or pulsatory currents in which the current will then be represented by the dotdilt'erence of phase between the currents upon ted line 3, having maximum points at such 2 5 two circuits is one-quarter period. This retimes as the sum of the currents 1 and 2 is lation may, however, be considerably modigreatest in one direction, and passing through lied without departing from the principle inzero values at such times as these currents volved. It has been proposed in the operation are equal and opposite. It is evident that a of such motors to employ either two distinct composite current so formed is capable of proo circuits leading from separate windings of the ducing all the effects in transformers and generator or to combine these circuit-s so as to other alternating-current apparatus that can have a common return-conductor, the motorbe obtained by means of a simple alternating circuits being supplied from two branches so current, while at the same time the connecobtained. TVhen incandescent lamps or other tions may be such as to utilize independently S 5 35 translating devices are also to be operated, the two currents of different phases for the they are equally divided between the two operation of a motor or other apparatus. branches, thus maintaining an approximately Fig. 2 shows in diagram an armature wound equal current in each. The diliiculty of apto produce such currents as shown in Fig. l, plying this method to existing plants for the the coils being so placed that the current pro- 0 40 distribution of electric energy lies in the fact duced in the coilsA Ais at a maximum when that it is necessary to separate the circuits that in the coils B I3 is at a minimum. The into two approximately-equal parts and rearrelative positions of these coils are indicated range the wiring in such a manner that the diagrammatically in Fig. 3, the coils A A becircuits maybeseparatelysupplied independing intermediate between the coils I315, so 5 ently of each other. that while the coils A are traversing the lines I have discovered that it is possible to proof force due to the poles N S at a maximum duce in a given circuit a single alternating rate the coils Bare in a neutral position, and current by the superposition of two alternatconsequently are producing no current, and ing currents differing from each other in the Vice versa. It now the two sets of coils be 10 50 time of their phases, which will not be mateconnected in series at the point C and their rially dillfercnt in elifect for ordinary lighting free terminals connected, respectively, with the insulated collector-rings E and E of the generator in exactly the same way as in an ordinary type of alternate-current generator, alternating currents may be derived from the rings E and E through brushes 6' and 6 which are respectively connected with the lines L and L Translating devices may then be connected across the circuit thus formed. The devices D are here shown as connected in the secondary circuits of the converters C O, which have their primary coils connected between the lines L L Whenit is desired to operate motors from the same machine, it is only necessary to connect the point 0 to the collector-ring E and lead from its brush e a third line L and introduce the motors T upon the circuit, as shown in Fig. 3. For this purpose two converters C C may be connected across the circuit L L. in series, while the third conductor L is connected between the two converters. Currents will now be delivered over the pair of conductors L L independently of those carried over L L the conductor L operating simply as a common return for the two currents so delivered.

In certain cases the transformers may be omitted and the connections made directly to the motor T, as shown at M N P.

By this method of connecting the circuits scribed my name this 17th day of August, A.

it is only necessary to connect the collectorring E to a conductor used for operating the motor-circuits without in any way interfering with such existing circuits for lighting 1 purposes as maybe supplied by the main conductors L L The current delivered over the conductors L L considered separately,

is due to the resultant action of the two windings of the armature, while that delivered over the lines L L and L L is due to their independent action, and may be made to differ by a quarter period or such other amount as found necessary or convenient in practice.

5 In another application of even date herewith, Serial No. 283,763, the organization of apparatus herein set forth is claimed.

I claim as my invention 1. The method of electrical distribution which consists in the generation of an alternating current by the superposition of two some upon the resultant currents formed by their combined action.

2. The method of electrical distribution which consists in producing two alternating 1 electric currents the phases of which differ in time and superposing portions of such currents, and thereby producing a resultant alternating current the phases of which differ in time from those of the original currents, utilizing such resultant current for operating translating devices, and causing the balance of the original currents to traverse independent circuits.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto sub- Witnesses:

C. G. WOLFE, CHARLES A. TERRY.

alternating currents differing in phase and v the derivation of currents therefrom, some dependent upon the component currents and 

